Tumor de células gigantes de tibia distal grado III: manejo quirúrgico

Abstract

The Giant Cell Tumor (GCT) represents 5% of primary bone tumors, affecting individuals between the third and fourth decade of life, especially the female sex. Its presentation at the level of the distal tibia is considered an unusual location with an incidence of 0.15% to 2.8% of all primary GCTs. The main symptom is usually pain accompanied by local swelling and functional limitation of the affected joint. It is a lesion with radiographic characteristics of a radiolucent, eccentric, lithic image that usually invades the epiphysis and metaphysis without affecting the subchondral bone. Two-stage curettage procedure plus drilling and use of ethanol, along with the administration of bisphosphonates in Campanacci grade III tumors and filling of the lesion with bone cement, have been shown to reduce local recurrence by adding stabilization with improved osteosynthesis towards functionality and providing early mobility.